officially "East Hempfield." The boundary between the Hempfields runs along the West Branch brook northeast to Stony Batter' Road, and by that road to Landisville at the northern edge of the township. �The origin of the name Hempfield is lost. Dr. Joseph Dubbs in a lec- ture to the Lancaster County

south of Landisville. From Columbia southward along the river ran the Columbia and Port Deposit Railroad; from Columbia northward, parallel- ing the canal, ran the Columbia-Royalton Branch of the Pennsylvania Rail- road. Settlers in Lancaster County seemed fascinated by the ownership of rural property

, in 1820 and 1821. See Franklin Ellis and Samuel Evans, History of Lancaster County. Pennsylvania, with Biographical Sketches of Its Pioneer and Prominent Men (Philadelphia: Everts and Peck, 1883). 543-544; and the undated clippings of articles written by Francis Xavier Reuss, an old Columbia

. �But so has the country as a whole. And these two counties have not changed so much as has a county such as Bucks, which has been invaded by the mushrooming suburbs of Philadelphia. (Table 1 presents certain population data for the two counties for the period 1870-1960. Through- out the period under