cash," issued paper currency to the extent of six thousand pounds. �Massachusetts and South Carolina were the initial colonies in the United States to introduce the use of a paper currency without a metallic reserve to sustain it, and the others were not slow,on one pretext or another, to fol- low

, and many Whigs were compelled to seek refuge in the adjoining states. On the whole, it may safely be said that the Loyalists were more numer- ous in the south, in Pennsylvania and New York, than in the New England colonies. When we come to examine the attitude of the newspaper press at the out- break

. Men refused to pay their taxes and often their debts, when they could avoid it. Washington, in one of his letters to Joseph Reed, said : " It gives mc very sincere pleasure to find the Assembly (of Pennsylvania) is so well disposed to second your endeavors in bringing those murderers of our cause, the

, as has been stated, came fo New France (Canada) at the age of eighteen years, and spent the re- mainder of his life in Canada, New York, Pennsylvania, and the regions further westward, It is of him a great historian speaks when he calls Champlain's guide and interpreter "The Dauntless woodsman

- age. A rare little book purchased sev- eral years ago by Judge Landis con- tains an account of the travels of one Jahn Lincklaen, a young man born in Amsterdam, who in 1791-92 was sent by the Holland Company into the States of Vermont, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania in order to gather by

earliest record of his artistic life that I have found dates back to about the year 1820, when, at the age of twenty-two years, he opened a studio in the bor- ough of Marietta, where the late Judge John J. Liebhart became one of his students, acquiring no little pro- ficiency in portrait painting, and one

Jacob Eshleman Warfel, Painter. This promising artist, the son of John and Maria Warfel, was born in Paradise township, Lancaster county, on July 21, 1826. He developed a natural inclination towards art at an early age; so much so, indeed, that his youthful efforts in drawing and painting drew the