" A do-it-yourself guide for a walking tour of the central section of Lancaster,Pennsylvania , America's oldest inland city and county seat of the Garden Spot of The World " [from the title page]
"The author,John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt (December 16, 1859 - October 14, 1937) , was a linguist and ethnographer who specialized in Iroquoian and other Native American languages. Hewitt was born on the Tuscarora Indian Reservation near Lewiston, New York. His parents were Harriet and David; his mother was of Tuscarora, French, Oneida, and Scottish descent, his father of English and Scottish, but raised in a Tuscarora family. His parents raised him speaking the English language, but when he left the reservation to attend schools in Wilson and Lockport, he learned to speak the Tuscarora language from other students who spoke the language." [from Wikipedia]
Summary
Discussion of the formation of the Iroquois League by five separate native American tribes ( Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca ) in 16th century America.
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society ; v. 18, no. 4
Summary
This journal article contains a letter sent by German-American citizens in Pennsylvania to President John Adams. In the letter, they ask for his help in being compensated for their imprisonment that was imposed for their participation in the protest against the tax imposed upon their property. Their protest is known as Fries's Rebellion after the leader of the protest, John Fries. The article also describes Fries's trial and conviction for treason and his pardon by President Adams.
Notes
From Britanica.com: "Fries's Rebellion, (1799), uprising, in opposition to a direct federal property tax, by farmers in eastern Pennsylvania led by John Fries (c. 1750-1818). In July of 1798, the Federalist-controlled U.S. Congress, which greatly needed revenues for an anticipated war with France, had voted a direct federal tax on all real property, including land, buildings, and slaves. This tax, which caused widespread national resentment against the John Adams administration, infuriated the German farmers of Bucks, Northampton, and Montgomery counties in Pennsylvania. Eventually, several hundred farmers took up arms under the leadership of John Fries. At Bethlehem, Pa., Fries and his men forced, by intimidation rather than by actual violence, the release of a group of tax resisters who had been imprisoned under the custody of the federal marshal. In response, President Adams called out a force of federal troops and militia, who marched into the rebellious counties and began making wholesale arrests of the insurgents. John Fries was captured and subsequently tried twice, convicted of treason on each occasion, and sentenced to hang. He was pardoned by Adams in April 1800, when the president declared a general amnesty for all those who had been involved in the 'rebellion'."
"Published for the Institute of Early American History and Culture at Williamsburg, Virginia."
Includes index.
Summary
"The definitive edition of an American classic of great literary and historical value. Chastellux, one of three major generals who accompanied Rochambeau and the French Expeditionary Forces to America, was a man of letters and a member of the French Academy. His absorbing journal is a deeply and clearly etched portrait of a country and its people. This is the second of two volumes." [Worldcat.org]
"Francois Jean De Beauvoir, Marquis De Chastellux was born in Paris, France in 1734. He joined the French Army as a Second Lieutenant at the age of 13 and rose through the ranks during the Seven Years' War. Chastellux came to be as famous for his literary work, with his publication of a book on philosophy in 1772, as he was for his military exploits. When the French expeditionary forces assigned to the Revolutionary Continental Army set sail for America in 1779, he was one of the three major generals sent with General Rochambeau. They arrived in America and took part in the victorious Yorktown campaign. Invaluable to the Continental Army commanders for his command of the English language, Chastellux remained in America until returning to France in early 1783. Travels in North America is an account of Chastellux's travels between campaigns." [from the Preface]
