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The Christiana Riot and the treason trials of 1851 : an historical sketch

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo7815
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Date of Publication
1911
Lancaster Counties, Pennsylvania, and Cecil, Harford and Baltimore Counties·, Maryland, were much intensified. Mason and Dixon line was the imaginary demarcation between two wholly antagonistic social and po- �8 THE CHRISTIANA RIOT. litical orders. The same person might be a Maryland slave under Maryland
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  1 document  
Responsibility
by W. U. Hensel.
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Place of Publication
Lancaster, Pa
Publisher
Lancaster County Historical Society,
Date of Publication
1911
Physical Description
iii, 1-134 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
Series
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society ; v. 15, no. 8 [supplement]
Notes
Supplement to Lancaster County Historical Journal of October 1911
Subjects
United States.
Trials.
Riots - Pennsylvania - Christiana.
Slavery - Pennsylvania.
African Americans - Pennsylvania - Christiana
Fugitive slaves - Pennsylvania - Christiana
Fugitive slaves - Legal status, laws, etc. - Pennsylvania.
Contained In
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society. Volume 15, number 8 [supplement] (1911), p. 1-134Lancaster History Library - Journal974.9 L245 v.15
Documents
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vol15no8.5_supplement_pp1_134_ChristianaRiotTrials_.pdf

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Report of the Committee on the Commemoration of the Christiana riot and treason trials of 1851

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo7980
Date of Publication
1911
Call Number
974.9 L245 v.15
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Place of Publication
Lancaster, Pa
Publisher
Lancaster County Historical Society,
Date of Publication
1911
Physical Description
237-243 p. ; 23 cm.
Series
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society ; v. 15, no. 8
Subjects
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Historical markers - Pennsylvania - Lancaster County.
Riots - Pennsylvania - Christiana.
Location
Lancaster History Library - Journal
Call Number
974.9 L245 v.15
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The Christiana riot and the treason trials of 1851 : an historical sketch

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo17928
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Edition
2nd and rev. ed.
Date of Publication
1911.
Call Number
974.80323
More detail
  1 website  
Responsibility
by W.U. Hensel ; With some account of the commemoration of these events, September 9, 1911.
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Edition
2nd and rev. ed.
Place of Publication
Lancaster, Pa
Publisher
Press of the New Era Print. Co.,
Date of Publication
1911.
Physical Description
ix, 158 p. : ill., facsim., ports. ; 29 cm.
Subjects
United States.
Riots - Pennsylvania - Christiana.
Trials (Treason) - Pennsylvania.
Fugitive slaves - United States.
Location
Lancaster History Library - Book
Call Number
974.80323
Websites
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/57021/57021-h/57021-h.htm
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The Christiana riot and the treason trials of 1851; an historical sketch

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo2873
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Date of Publication
1911.
Call Number
974.80323 H526
More detail
Responsibility
by W. U. Hensel. Prepared and published for the commemoration of these events, September 9, 1911.
Author
Hensel, W. U.
Place of Publication
Lancaster, Pa
Publisher
The New Era Printing Company,
Date of Publication
1911.
Physical Description
iii, 134 p. front., plates, ports. 23 cm.
Series
Lancaster County Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa. Historical papers and addresses ; v. 15, no. 8
Notes
Also issued separately, Lancaster, 1911.
African American resources at Lancaster County Historical Society
Subjects
Riots - Pennsylvania - Christiana.
Location
Lancaster History Library - Book
Call Number
974.80323 H526
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The Christiana riot : its causes and effects, from a southern standpoint

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo7978
Author
Magee, Daniel F.
Date of Publication
1911
More detail
  1 document  
Responsibility
by D. F. Magee, Esq.
Author
Magee, Daniel F.
Place of Publication
Lancaster, Pa
Publisher
Lancaster County Historical Society,
Date of Publication
1911
Physical Description
193-208 p. ; 23 cm.
Series
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society ; v. 15, Special supplementary number, June 30, 1911
Subjects
Riots - Pennsylvania - Christiana.
Slavery - United States
Contained In
Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society. Volume 15, number 6 [supplement] (1911), p. 193-208Lancaster History Library - Journal974.9 L245 v.15
Documents
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vol15no6ppSUP193_208_433624.pdf

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Program

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/4c1b924f-8ccb-44e5-8328-153345153054
Collection
Christiana Resistance Collection
Title
Souvenir program
Object ID
Christiana S01 F13
Date Range
1911
More detail
  20 images  
Collection
Christiana Resistance Collection
Title
Souvenir program
Description
Souvenir program, "Commemoration of the Christiana Riot and Treason Trials of 1851," Lancaster County Historical Society.
1911.
Admin/Biographical History
The Christiana Resistance, commonly referred to as the "Christiana Riot" occurred in September of 1851 in Christiana, Pennsylvania, a borough in Lancaster County. The events known as the Christiana Resistance include an attack from slaveholders in Maryland on the inhabitants and home of William Parker a free black man living in Christiana, Pennsylvania. The slaveholders crossed the state border, and attempted claim and return the freedom seekers as their property, under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
The violent confrontation resulted in the death of Edward Gorsuch, a slaveholder, and the escape of William Parker to freedom in Canada. Edward's son, Dickinson Gorsuch, was wounded and taken to the farm of Levi Pownall, where the Pownall family nursed him back to health. Historically, this event challenged the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and is considered a precursor to the Civil War.
System of Arrangement
Series 1 Manuscript and Printed Material, 1803-1955
Series 2 Photographs, 1895-1971 and No date
Date Range
1911
Creation Date
1911
Creator
LancasterHistory (Organization)
Storage Location
Moores Memorial Library, Christiana, PA
Subjects
Riots--Pennsylvania--Christiana
Programs (Publications)
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Lancaster (Pa.)
Christiana (Pa.)
Search Terms
Christiana Resistance
Programs
Lancaster County Historical Society
Christiana, Pennsylvania
Extent
1 item
Physical Characteristics
The digital images of the manuscript and printed material are 300 dpi JPGs; the photographs are 600 dpi JPGs.
Object Name
Program
Container
Moores Memorial Library Series 1 Folder 13 Souvenir Program Souvenir program, "Commemoration of the Christiana Riot and Treason Trials of 1851," Lancaster County Historical Society. 1911.
1911
Language
English
Object ID
Christiana S01 F13
Location of Originals
Moores Memorial Library
9 West Slokom Avenue
Christiana, PA 17509
chrlib@christianalibrary.org
610-593-6683 or 610-593-6687
Related Item Notes
Christiana Resistance Collection (CHRISTIANA RESISTANCE) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/1287a022-e430-4f3f-bc97-330571018105
Access Conditions / Restrictions
The attached images have been provided for research. The original items are restricted for preservation purposes.
Copyright
The attached images may be used for research purposes only.
Please contact Moores Memorial Library for a high resolution image and permission to publish:
Moores Memorial Library
9 West Slokom Avenue
Christiana, PA 17509
chrlib@christianalibrary.org
610-593-6683 or 610-593-6687
Credit
Christiana Resistance Collection, Series 1, Folder 13, Moores Memorial Library
Classification
CHRISTIANA RESISTANCE
Christiana S01 F13
Description Level
Folder
Custodial History
Moores Memorial Library (Christiana, Pa.) owns some of the most significant manuscript material relating to the Christiana Resistance. The staff of Moores Memorial Library, part of the Library System of Lancaster County, and the Lancaster County Historical Society worked together to arrange and preserve the collection and create a finding aid to make the materials accessible to the public.
The collection contains correspondence to and from the Pownall family regarding the incident, notes regarding kidnappings in the area from 1850-1851, photocopied pages of Dickinson Gorsuch's diary, and published accounts. An 1896 photograph shows Peter Woods and Samuel Hopkins, survivors of the riot. There are also photographs of the Christiana Riot House, the Pownall farm, and key figures in the riot and at the Treason Trials of 1851.
The staff of Moores Memorial Library, part of the Library System of Lancaster County, and the Lancaster County Historical Society worked together to arrange and preserve the collection and create a finding aid to make the materials accessible to the public. Funds for this project were provided by the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) in 2001.
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Commemoration of the Christiana riot and the treason trials of 1851

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo15897
Corporate Author
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Date of Publication
1911]
Call Number
974.80323 C734
More detail
  1 website  
Responsibility
under the auspices of the Lancaster County historical society, Christiana, Pa., Saturday, September 9, 1911; souvenir program.
Corporate Author
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Place of Publication
[Lancaster?
Date of Publication
1911]
Physical Description
cover-title, [16] p. incl. ports., facsims. 30 1/2 x 23 cm.
Notes
At head of title: 1851. 1911.
Subjects
Christiana riot, 1851.
Location
Lancaster History Library - Book
Call Number
974.80323 C734
Websites
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t8hd7xr7v&view=1up&seq=5
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Commemoration of the Christiana riot and the treason trials of 1851, under the auspices of the Lancaster County Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa., Saturday, September 9, 1911 : souvenir program

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo16131
Corporate Author
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Date of Publication
1911]
Call Number
974.815 LACO L224
More detail
Corporate Author
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Place of Publication
[Lancaster?
Date of Publication
1911]
Physical Description
[20] p. : incl. ports., facsims. ; 31 x 23 cm.
Notes
At head of title: 1851. 1911.
Bound with Commemoration of the nativity of Robert Fulton (1915); Commemorating the bi-centennial of the first settlement in Lancaster County (1910); Commemoration of Lancaster County in the Revolution (1912); and Founder's Memorial Bellevue Presbyterian Church, Gap, Lancaster, Pa. (1912).
Subjects
Antislavery movements - United States.
Christiana Riot, 1851.
Location
Lancaster History Library - Rare Books
Call Number
974.815 LACO L224
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Announcement

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/331dc6d1-305a-4f22-863c-820365104210
Collection
Christiana Resistance Collection
Title
Special announcement
Object ID
Christiana S01 F12
Date Range
1911
More detail
  4 images  
Collection
Christiana Resistance Collection
Title
Special announcement
Description
Special announcement from the Papers of the Lancaster County Historical Society for the "Commemoration of the 'Christiana
Riot' and the 'Treason Trials' of 1851." 4 August 1911.
Admin/Biographical History
The Christiana Resistance, commonly referred to as the "Christiana Riot" occurred in September of 1851 in Christiana, Pennsylvania, a borough in Lancaster County. The events known as the Christiana Resistance include an attack from slaveholders in Maryland on the inhabitants and home of William Parker a free black man living in Christiana, Pennsylvania. The slaveholders crossed the state border, and attempted claim and return the freedom seekers as their property, under the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
The violent confrontation resulted in the death of Edward Gorsuch, a slaveholder, and the escape of William Parker to freedom in Canada. Edward's son, Dickinson Gorsuch, was wounded and taken to the farm of Levi Pownall, where the Pownall family nursed him back to health. Historically, this event challenged the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and is considered a precursor to the Civil War.
System of Arrangement
Series 1 Manuscript and Printed Material, 1803-1955
Series 2 Photographs, 1895-1971 and No date
Date Range
1911
Creation Date
1911
Creator
LancasterHistory (Organization)
Storage Location
Moores Memorial Library, Christiana, PA
Subjects
Riots--Pennsylvania--Christiana
Lancaster County Historical Society (Pa.)
Lancaster (Pa.)
Search Terms
Christiana Resistance
Announcements
Lancaster County Historical Society
Extent
1 item
Physical Characteristics
The digital images of the manuscript and printed material are 300 dpi JPGs; the photographs are 600 dpi JPGs.
Object Name
Announcement
Container
Moores Memorial Library Series 01 Folder 12 Special announcement Special announcement from the Papers of the Lancaster County Historical Society for the "Commemoration of the 'Christiana Riot' and the 'Treason Trials' of 1851." 4 August 1911.
4 August 1911
Language
English
Object ID
Christiana S01 F12
Location of Originals
Moores Memorial Library
9 West Slokom Avenue
Christiana, PA 17509
chrlib@christianalibrary.org
610-593-6683 or 610-593-6687
Related Item Notes
Christiana Resistance Collection (CHRISTIANA RESISTANCE) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/1287a022-e430-4f3f-bc97-330571018105
Access Conditions / Restrictions
The attached images have been provided for research. The original items are restricted for preservation purposes.
Copyright
The attached images may be used for research purposes only.
Please contact Moores Memorial Library for a high resolution image and permission to publish:
Moores Memorial Library
9 West Slokom Avenue
Christiana, PA 17509
chrlib@christianalibrary.org
610-593-6683 or 610-593-6687
Credit
Christiana Resistance Collection, Series 1, Folder 12, Moores Memorial Library
Classification
CHRISTIANA RESISTANCE
Christiana S01 F12
Description Level
Folder
Custodial History
Moores Memorial Library (Christiana, Pa.) owns some of the most significant manuscript material relating to the Christiana Resistance. The staff of Moores Memorial Library, part of the Library System of Lancaster County, and the Lancaster County Historical Society worked together to arrange and preserve the collection and create a finding aid to make the materials accessible to the public.
The collection contains correspondence to and from the Pownall family regarding the incident, notes regarding kidnappings in the area from 1850-1851, photocopied pages of Dickinson Gorsuch's diary, and published accounts. An 1896 photograph shows Peter Woods and Samuel Hopkins, survivors of the riot. There are also photographs of the Christiana Riot House, the Pownall farm, and key figures in the riot and at the Treason Trials of 1851.
The staff of Moores Memorial Library, part of the Library System of Lancaster County, and the Lancaster County Historical Society worked together to arrange and preserve the collection and create a finding aid to make the materials accessible to the public. Funds for this project were provided by the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) in 2001.
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Chair, Commode

https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/1a4c7fbf-22cc-4b18-b3ad-989927316703
Collection
Heritage Center Collection
Object ID
G.77.09
Date Range
c. 1800-1820
More detail
  1 image  
Collection
Heritage Center Collection
Description
Upholstered wingback commode chair has four turned Sheraton legs. Has replacement of original soiled handsewn homespun linen (remnants in this file), now an orange fabric with potted and vining flower design. Solid pinewood seat under cushion has center hole with fitted removable wooden disc.
This chair was from the Pownall home at Gap, where it was used by Dickinson Gorsuch, Maryland slaveholder, during his recovery from wounds sustained during the Christiana Riot of Sept. 11, 1851. His father and two others were killed during the skirmish at the home of freedman William Parker, and Dickinson was transported to the Pownall home for recovery. William Parker later published his story in the "Atlantic Monthly" in 1866, making it highly publicized.
This incident "is an important example of the struggle over the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act and the escalating tension between the North and the South. This act gave slave owners broad powers to recapture runaway slaves". (ExplorePAhistory.com)
Polaroid photos of chair before re-upholstery, in file.
Likely Lancaster or Chester Co.
Provenance
Provenance: Chair owned by the Pownall family & given in 1973 to the Lancaster County Historical Society by Mrs. Levi Pownall of Lancashire Hall (569-7279).
It was initially loaned to the Heritage Center (# L.77.9 and # 161.64.80) but soon donated to HCLC. Board minutes of Dec. 8, 1975 include Richard F. Smith's Museum Committee report noting a donation of a "Sheraton armed wing chair commode, used by the Pownall home in nursing Dickinson Gorsuch following Christiana Riot in 1851." Later unsigned note (Bruce Shoemaker?) states John Aungst of LCHS was consulted & chair was removed 11/9/84 from list on LCHS loan form, settling an apparent question of ownership.
Date Range
c. 1800-1820
Year Range From
1800
Year Range To
1820
Last Owner
Levi Pownall family of Gap
Storage Location
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, PA
Storage Room
DAC
Storage Wall
East Wall
Storage Shelf
Upper Shelf
People
Gorsuch, Dickinson
Gorsuch, Edward
Parker, William
Pownall, Levi
Subject
African Americans--History
Free Black people
Slaveholders--Pennsylvania--Lancaster County
Slavery--Pennsylvania--Lancaster County
Search Terms
Chairs
Christiana Resistance
Enslaved persons
Free persons of color
Persons of color
Slaveholders
Slavery
Object Name
Chair, Commode
Oither Names
Chair, Wing
Material
Wood, Fabric
Height (cm)
119.38
Height (ft)
3.9166666667
Height (in)
47
Width (cm)
78.74
Width (ft)
2.5833333333
Width (in)
31
Condition
Good
Condition Date
2017-07-25
Condition Notes
Reupholstered. Minor wear in fabric; loose stitching, especially on proper right side.
Repaired and reupholstered gratis, April 1980, by The Upholstery Center of Lititz, (Mr. & Mrs. Paul Paes).
Object ID
G.77.09
Credit
Heritage Center Collection, Gift of LCHS
Accession Number
G.77.09
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10 records – page 1 of 1.