the ice into central Pennsylvania (Clark and Ciolkosz 1988; Martin 1958; Watts 1983). Vegetation zones shifted northwards rapidly as the ice melted and retreated (Delcourt and Delcourt 1987; Gaudreau 1988; Webb et al. 1987), but spruce trees were common in the Middle Atlantic region until about 1

Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society, compiled a history of his involvement in the Underground Railroad. An interesting letter from Whipper was reprinted that recounted the latter's efforts in Columbia between 1847-61. Looking back on the decades preceding the war Whipper summarized:3 [...] it would have been

Samuel Breck and The Shaping of Public Education in Pennsylvania By Dorothy B" Gerlach Because time and history tend to treat people differently, a once honored person may, at the present time, be an unsung hero. A search of old records sometimes reveals this fact. Samuel Breck seems to fall into

. 26. 3 George H. Burgess and Miles C. Kennedy, Centennial History of The Pennsylvania Railroad Company 1846-1947 (Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Railroad, 1949), p. 492. 4 Ibid., p. 492. 5 Lancaster Inquirer,20 December 1902, "Three New Bridges to Cross the River." 6 Ibid., 14 February 1903, "New Railroad

practice until about 1820. However, the Pennsylvania Germans employed irrigation before 1750. Postscript We should be able to learn from history and not repeat past mistakes. Of course, there may be safe satisfaction in judging people remote in time or place for examples of ignorance and avarice. We can be

Clio's Century: A History of Lancaster's Cliosophic Society John Ward Willson Loose Few communities in the nation can boast an anomaly quite like the Cliosophic Society. The arts of conversation and genteel discussion, alas, no longer seem to be part of our national culture. Literary societies have

A History of Sin and Vice: Lancaster—The Fallen Angel By John W. W. Loose, FLCHS in a community remarkable for its many churches and the reputed piety of its citizenry, the very thought of sin and vice is improbable. In this time of social disintegration and family dysfunction, it is not uncommon

of Lancaster in the 2nd Division of the State of Pennsylvania, National Archives Microfilm Publications, Washington, D.C., 1982, Roll 6 Microcopy 372, pp. 127-128. 2"Notice" of Public Sale of Real Estate, Columbia Spy, April, 1973, 3. See also Franklin Ellis and Samuel Evans, History of Lancaster

Lancaster County's Literary Tastes Of The Eighteenth And Early Nineteenth Centuries By John Ward Willson Loose Modern historians have focused much of their attention on intellectual history, that is to say, what did our progenitors think about, what influenced their thoughts, and how did they

outstanding organizations in the social history of Lancaster, its purpose was the suppression of vice in the community. A similar group called the "Law and Order Society of Lancaster" existed in 1889, but was ineffective and shortlived.' The first meeting of the Society was November 1912 and it was incor