"Reprinted from the Pennsylvania genealogical magazine volume XXIII, number 3, 1964."
Index compiled by Duncan Cairnes Ely.
Summary
"The organization of the Pennsylvania militia, as established under the act passed 17 March 1777, has never been adequately explained or fully understood. Complete records pertaining to the militia have not survived. Those which have been published in the various series of the Pennsylvania Archives are, in many instances, incorrectly identified and arranged in a confused manner. Too often, as a result, the fact that a man's name appears in those records has been accepted as prima facie evidence that the man was a patriot who served his county faithfully and diligently. The dual purpose of this study, therefore, is to render intelligible the meaning of those records, and then to relate them to the actual operation of the militia, with particular reference to the first year of its operation under the act." [from the text]
Annals of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania, in the olden time; being a collection of memoirs, anecdotes, and incidents of the city and its inhabitants, and of the earliest settlements of the inland part of Pennsylvania, from the days of the founders
by such well-known artists as Becker ... [et al.] A concise history of the Civil War, being official data secured from the war records. With an introd. by Joseph B. Carr.
Gottlieb Mittelberger's journey to Pennsylvania in the year 1750 and return to Germany in the year 1754 : containing not only a description of the country according to its present condition, but also a detailed account of the sad and unfortunate circumstances of most of the Germans that have emigrated, or are emigrating to that country
Gottlieb Mittelbergers Reise nach Pennsylvanien im Jahr 1750.
Place of Publication
Philadelphia
Publisher
J.J. McVey,
Date of Publication
1898.
Physical Description
129 p. : facsim. ; 21 cm.
Notes
With facsimile t.p. of original German ed.: Stuttgard : Gedrukt ben Gottlieb Friderich Jenisch, 1756.
Summary
"Mittelberger's travelogue provides a firsthand historic account of the misery and exploitation of German immigrants during the US colonial period. In his work, he tries to convince his fellow Germans not to immigrate to the American colonies, as the forfeiture of freedom, cost of money, lack of health, and loss of life are too exorbitant to risk and sacrifice. Although never an indentured servant, Mittelberger's written testament is one of several surviving historic works describing the hardships of the redemption system. His meticulous account of his sea voyage to the British Atlantic colonies and subsequent experiences in Pennsylvania has become academically notable, due to the scarcity in primary source material concerning several of the issues he details. Such topics include religious practices in colonial Pennsylvania, European passenger fares for children and adults, as well as the nature and consequences of epidemics on colonial era ships.The work is also noted for its lengthy discussion of sexuality and social mores, including an account of a bigamous threesome and the status of illegitimate children, as evidencing the religious and sexual tolerance of colonial America. Gottlieb Mittelberger traveled to Pennsylvania from Germany in 1750 on a ship primarily filled with poorer immigrants who would become indentured servants upon arriving in Philadelphia. Mittelberger was not a servant, and worked as a school master and organist for three years before returning to Germany in 1754." [from Wikipedia]
as kept by the Rev. William Douglas from 1750 to 1797; an index of Goochland wills; notes on the French-Huguenot refugees who lived in Manakin-town. Transcribed and edited by W. Mac Jones.
