Lancaster was the last civilized outpost on the western frontier during the French and Indian wars its workshops already were turning out wagons, guns, clothing and numerous items for the protection of the Pennsylvania hinterland. Who can say how many of those artisans and mechanics "invented" day-by-day

much of northern and eastern Lancaster County. Moreover, the technology was obsolete, and the plants were wholly inade- quate for the growing market for pig iron. Introduction of the newer technology of using anthracite coal instead of charcoal made new require- ments of the local economy

Welsh Names and Place Names By the Editor Any researcher who has studied Welsh family lines eventually recognizes family names, or surnames, usually are male given names. A few examples will suffice: Andrews, David, Davies, David, Evan(s), Edwards, Ellis, George, Griffith, Harrison, Harris, Harry

Edward Barnholt and William Wittick: Lancaster County's Fearless Constables By John W. W. Loose Law enforcement in Pennsylvania prior to the establishment of the Pennsylvania State Police in 1905' was left to the county sheriffs, constables, and police departments of those municipalities that had

courts, and no longer was the exclusive jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. In early Pennsylvania capital offenses included treason, murder, �manslaughter, burglary, rape and arson. That means the death penalty was possi- ble if guilty. Lancaster County's first court session was held in May, 1729, at John

The Lancaster Crematorium: First in the USA By John W. W. Loose in the spring of 1884 a group of Lancastrians met at the Intelligencer newspaper office to discuss the feasibility of organizing an association for the reform of funerals. On 27 May 1884 the Lancaster Cremation and Funeral Reform

were not in operation. 1° Puddling furnaces in eastern Pennsylvania tended to use anthracite coal, according to Temin, the proximity of the mines and the earlier development of canal and rail transportation in the East being advantageous. The Safe Harbor Rolling Mill was cited by Temin as using

sensitive to differences in quality and more responsive to changes in price!' The growth of the American economy resulted in increased rail and coke pig iron production, both oriented toward western Pennsylvania," and neither helpful to Lancaster County iron makers. The last anthracite furnace built in

structure will be ruined. A month later Schreiber informed Pennsylvania Adjutant General Arm- strong that more chimneys had fallen, and that Frederick Kuhn was salvaging the bricks from the chimneys and gable ends. The sketch by Atlee is reproduced here with new lines replacing the faint original draft. A

, THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTA- TIVES OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA: Learning that your Honorable bodies contemplate passing an Act of Assembly to provide for the erection of a penitentiary for the confinement of criminals convicted in the central part of the State, we, the undersigned Com