Transcribed by Brandon Rapp, intern, Millersville University, February to April 205.
Original housed in MG-98, The Revolutionary War Collection, Folder 11.
In partial fulfillment of the requirements of History 352 : Provincial and Revolutionary America at Millersville University.
"The Orderly Book, kept by Lt. Col. Adam Hubley, Jr., is an account of the 11th Pennsylvania's day to day struggle during the Sullivan Campaign of the American War for Independence, July to October 1779." (Introduction)
Includes bibliographical references (pages 335-359) and index.
Contents
German soldiers in British service -- Subsidy treaties -- Recruitment patterns -- Social composition -- Into captivity -- Prisoners of war in western warfare -- Capture and surrender -- Prisoners of war -- The first prisoners of war in revolutionary hands, 1775-1776 -- German prisoners of war, 1776-1778 -- Provisions and exchange, 1778 -- The Convention Army, 1777-1781 -- Continuity and change, 1779-1783 -- Release and return -- Epilogue -- Appendix: Common German soldiers taken prisoner.
Summary
"Some 37,000 soldiers from six German principalities, collectively remembered as Hessians, entered service as British auxiliaries in the American War of Independence. At times, they constituted a third of the British army in North America, and thousands of them were imprisoned by the Americans. Despite the importance of Germans in the British war effort, historians have largely overlooked these men. Drawing on research in German military records and common soldiers' letters and diaries, Daniel Krebs places the prisoners on center stage in A Generous and Merciful Enemy, portraying them as individuals rather than simply as numbers in casualty lists. Setting his account in the context of British and European politics and warfare, Krebs explains the motivations of the German states that provided contract soldiers for the British army. We think of the Hessians as mercenaries, but, as he shows, many were conscripts. Some were new recruits; others, veterans. Some wanted to stay in the New World after the war. Krebs further describes how the Germans were made prisoners, either through capture or surrender, and brings to life their experiences in captivity from New England to Havana, Cuba. Krebs discusses prison conditions in detail, addressing both the American approach to war prisoners and the prisoners' responses to their experience. He assesses American efforts as a "generous and merciful enemy" to use the prisoners as economic, military, and propagandistic assets. In the process, he never loses sight of the impact of imprisonment on the POWs themselves. Adding new dimensions to an important but often neglected topic in military history, Krebs probes the origins of the modern treatment of POWs. An epilogue describes an almost-forgotten 1785 treaty between the United States and Prussia, the first in western legal history to regulate the treatment of prisoners of war."--Publisher's website.
Invitation for a ceremony at Ephrata (Camp Brandywine) in memory of two-hundred soldiers of the American Revolution
Description
An invitation to James Buchanan from a committee appointed to organize a military encampment at Ephrata (Camp Brandywine) for a ceremony to lay a cornerstone of a monument erected in memory of two-hundred soldiers of the American Revolution. The soldiers were “buried in the vicinity of the village, wounded at the Battle of Brandywine…died in the hospitals at Ephrata.” Lancaster.
James Buchanan Papers, Penn State University Libraries,
https://libraries.psu.edu/findingaids/1458.htm
Related Item Notes
James Buchanan Collection (MG0096) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/lhdo3760
James Buchanan Family Papers
Historical Society of Pennsylvania microfilm
Photograph Collection
Curatorial Collection
Wheatland Collection
Wheatland Mansion
Notes
May 2020 PastPerfect Conversion
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Please use digital images and transcriptions when available. Original documents may be used by appointment. Please contact archives@lancasterhistory.org at least two weeks prior to visit.
Copyright
Images have been provided for research purposes only. Please contact archives@lancasterhistory.org for a high-resolution image and permission to publish.
LancasterHistory retains the rights to the digital images and content presented. The doctrine of fair use allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder. Fair use includes comment, criticism, teaching, and private scholarship. Any images and data downloaded, printed or photocopied for these purposes should provide a citation. All other uses beyond those allowed by fair use require written permission.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Some items are photocopies from other collections--researchers must obtain permission for reproduction and publication from the owner of the original material.
Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Credit
Courtesy of LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pa.
Other Number
MG-0096, Folder 023, Item 02
Description Level
Item
Custodial History
Digitization of the James Buchanan Collection was funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, PHMC Appl ID # 201808013051, 2019-2020.
Letter from William Augustus Atlee to Gen. Joseph Reed
Description
Letter from William Augustus Atlee to Gen. Joseph Reed regarding the condition of nearly 2,000 British prisoners-of-war (POWs) confined in barracks in Lancaster. There were about 800 prisoners of war stationed at the Lancaster Barracks, many sick with a "putrid fever," when more arrived from Virginia without knowledge of the conditions at Lancaster. Nearly 500 of the newly arrived prisoners-of-war were women and children. Married couples were encamped on the common outside the stockade and some in the old stables. Curbing the illness that was quickly spreading through the barracks and preventing it from spreading throughout Lancaster was the primary concern.
George Steinman Papers, Series 1 (MG0184_S01) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/786b3ffc-7908-40de-9362-817467455650
George Steinman Papers, Series 2 (MG0184_S02) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/6c7e11c6-f3ca-469c-891a-145832196710
Atlee Family Collection (MG0022)
Revolutionary War Collection (MG0098)
Notes
Preferred Citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), George Steinman Papers (MG0184), Series 2, Object ID, LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Please use digital images and transcriptions when available. Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Images have been provided for research purposes only. Please contact Research@LancasterHistory.org for a high-resolution image and permission to publish.
LancasterHistory retains the rights to the digital images and content presented. The doctrine of fair use allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder. Fair use includes comment, criticism, teaching, and private scholarship. Any images and data downloaded, printed or photocopied for these purposes should provide a citation. All other uses beyond those allowed by fair use require written permission.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Credit
Courtesy of LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Other Numbers
MG-184, Series 2
Other Number
MG-184, Series 2, Folder 4, Item 2
Classification
MG0184
Description Level
Item
Custodial History
Added to database 16 September 2023.
Digitization of this document was funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, PHMC Appl ID # C980002119, 2021-2024.
This collection contains documents beginning with the American Revolution and continuing through the War of 1812, Mexican War, Civil War, World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. There are account books, notes and written letters, vouchers, inspections of camps, receipts of payments, honorable discharge certificates, lists of absentees, envelopes used during the Civil War, and lists of unpaid fines during the service of the Pennsylvania Militia soldiers. There are also newsletters and articles relating to World Wars I and II and the Korean War for advertisement and description of items including the history of the Philadelphia Naval Base.
British prisoner of war, a servant of Captain Whitlock.
Mittimus, charged with stealing items from Zachary [Shugart].
1 item, 1 piece
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Please request photocopy or PDF at Reference Desk or Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Copyright
Images have been provided for research purposes. Please contact Research@LancasterHistory.org for a high-resolution image and permission to publish. There is no fee for publication.
Recognizance, for buying stolen clothing, property of Mary Willis.
Additional name: John Jordan.
Second defendants: John Ryan, a prisoner of war; also John Barr, soldier.
Defendants confessed guilt to receiving and selling stolen clothing.
1 item, 1 piece
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Please request photocopy or PDF at Reference Desk or Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Copyright
Images have been provided for research purposes. Please contact Research@LancasterHistory.org for a high-resolution image and permission to publish. There is no fee for publication.
"The British Prison - from this building Lee detected the escape of the British prisoners -- built to accomodate Gen. Forbes's troops after the Braddock defeat." East side of Middle Street, south of King Street, Lancaster.
George Steinman Papers, Series 1 (MG0184_S01) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/786b3ffc-7908-40de-9362-817467455650
George Steinman Papers, Series 2 (MG0184_S02) https://collections.lancasterhistory.org/en/permalink/6c7e11c6-f3ca-469c-891a-145832196710
Notes
Preferred Citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), George Steinman Papers (MG0184), Series 2, Object ID, LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Please use digital images and transcriptions when available. Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Images have been provided for research purposes only. Please contact Research@LancasterHistory.org for a high-resolution image and permission to publish.
LancasterHistory retains the rights to the digital images and content presented. The doctrine of fair use allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder. Fair use includes comment, criticism, teaching, and private scholarship. Any images and data downloaded, printed or photocopied for these purposes should provide a citation. All other uses beyond those allowed by fair use require written permission.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Credit
Courtesy of LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Other Numbers
MG-184, Series 2
Other Number
MG-184, Series 2, Folder 16, Item 4
Classification
MG0184
Description Level
Item
Custodial History
Added to database 29 November 2023
Digitization of this document was funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, PHMC Appl ID # C980002119, 2021-2024.
Along the Sullivan Trail : the story of Sullivan's Indian expedition of 1779 that opened northern Pennsylvania and the Finger Lakes and Genesee region of New York for settlement
"The 1779 Sullivan Expedition, also known as the Sullivan-Clinton Expedition, or Sullivan Campaign was an extended systematic military campaign during the American Revolutionary War against Loyalists ('Tories') and the four Nations of the Haudenosaunee which had sided with the British. It has been described by some historians as a genocide due to the magnitude and totality of its violence towards and destruction of the Haudenosaunee." [Wikipedia]
Autographed by the author after his presentation of 25 September 2014.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Contents
Prologue : a community at war -- "A colony of aliens" : diversity, politics, and war in pre-revolutionary Lancaster, Pennsylvania -- "Divided we must inevitably fall" : war comes to Lancaster -- "A dangerous set of people" : British captives and the making of revolutionary identity -- "'Tis Britain alone that is our enemy" : German captives and the making of American identity -- "Enemies of our peace" : captives, the disaffected, and the refinement of American patriotism -- "The country is full of prisoners of war" : nationalism, resistance, and assimilation -- Epilogue : the empty barracks.
Summary
"As the Americans' principal site for incarcerating enemy prisoners of war, Lancaster stood at the nexus of two vastly different revolutionary worlds: one national, the other intensely local. Captives came under the control of local officials loosely supervised by state and national authorities. Concentrating the prisoners in the heart of their communities brought the revolutionaries' enemies to their doorstep, with residents now facing a daily war at home.Many prisoners openly defied their hosts, fleeing, plotting, and rebelling, often with the clandestine support of local loyalists... The challenge of creating an autonomous national identity in the newly emerging United States was nowhere more evident than in Lancaster, where the establishment of a detention camp served as a flashpoint for new conflict in a community already unsettled by stark ethnic, linguistic, and religious differences. Many Lancaster residents soon sympathized with the Hessians detained in their town while the loyalist population considered the British detainees to be the true patriots of the war. Miller demonstrates that in Lancaster, the notably local character of the war reinforced not only preoccupations with internal security but also novel commitments to cause and country." [from Amazon.com]
