property transactions, as well as social intercourse, with a number of whites were the wealthiest black members of their communities.28 Thus by the 1850's the Lancaster County Negro businessman was usually a life-long resident of the county and had been a prop- �erty-holder before he had advanced to his

, as it was by those who thought the Freemasons were an "evil conspiracy" designed to take over the nation. Out of the bastion of the Democracy in lower Lancaster County — Colerain Township — came the Anti-masonic candidate for county auditor. John Caldwell was an ironmaster of sorts, a Methodist, and

a $500 mortgage bond, a blank stock certificate, and a requisition for high- tension lines. [18__]-1912. Folder 8 Conestoga Traction Co. Booklet of early histories, “Lancaster Co., Pa.,” which describes the company’s history, its routes, and sights along the way. 1 August 1908. Booklet by H. W

Susquehannocks asked him for aid in fighting the Massawomekes, "their mortall enemies," (Smith, 1612:53, 422). The identity of the Massawomekes is important to anthropology and history as part of the analysis of the culture and history of the Susquehannocks. The Susquehannocks were defeated circa 1675 no doubt