Scherenschnitte, freehand cutwork on light cream-colored wove paper folded horizontally, vertically, and diagonally, then cut out. Rectangular form is centered with an 8-lobed flower made of four hearts enclosing smaller hearts & a medallion with inscription Surrounded by figures of boys and girls as well as birds and hearts. Colored w/ red and blue paint/gouache and some details in blue ink.
Scotland area, Greene Twp., Franklin Co.
Handwritten in blue at center is: "Margarert [sic] Elizabeth / Farner / A present / By John Farner / March 11th 1854" Made for sister Margaret when John was age 11. Similar one is owned by Jim Gergat, done by Farner in 1854 for Isaac Shetter in Green Twp. in Franklin County. Jim has a photo of recipient Shetter. He owns an additional cutout w/ no written presentation. Gergat states Farner was a Civil War veteran and is buried in Centerville, Cumberland Co. (at intersection of Rt. 174/Walnut Bottom Rd. and Rt. 233 & associated w/ Centerville Lutheran Church, Carlisle).
Provenance
Given by Mr. and Mrs. Richard Flanders Smith to the Lancaster County Historical Society with the understanding that it would become part of the collections of The Heritage Center Museum with the establishment of that institution.
Small brown spots overall, especially in top half. Larger brown stains in top left area and central design; possibly faded brown coloring.
Matted and framed by conservator Brian Howard of Carlisle in 1996
Object ID
G.77.50.3
Notes
Earnest, Fraktur: Folk Art & Family, 1999, p. 118.
Informed 1-9-12 by Jim Gergat, former York Co. H. S. curator, of identity of John Farner. See photocopies of his two Farner cutouts in file. Gergat's phone # is (610) 473-0137.
Slide #27-2-10 and Transparency file under "Fraktur" #18.
Removed from Masonic Lodge Fraktur exhibit early 2008.
Exhibited Landis Valley Museum, scherenschnitte exhibit curated by Irwin Richman, May-Dec. 2008.
Place of Origin
Greene Twp., Franklin County, Pennsylvania
Credit
Gift of Mr. & Mrs. Richard Flanders Smith, Heritage Center Collection
Liebesbriefe (love letter) papercut or scherenschnitte on laid paper, mounted on green paperboard within a black wooden frame. Intricately cut circular design has narrow sawtooth border and cutout hearts, urns and flowers (tulips and carnations) in a repeated design. Center has a large flower-like, scalloped edged shape outlined in blue and lines of text written in red ink around periphery. It reads: "Lieben und nicht haben ist harter dann stein graben, und nicht bey sammen seyn(?) / ist fur wahr die groste pein." Appears to read: To love and not have (have love requited) is harder than stone (graben?) and not by ? ? ? is in truth the greatest pain.
16 inverted hearts dominate outer area, arranged in a staggered fashion around periphery. Each heart is alternately edged in blue or red and each is numbered and infilled with an expression of love written in red ink. Eight 2-handled urns radiate outward from center filled with tulip plants that connect with the hearts. Vasiform paper shapes alternate with urns and are decorated with drawings of tulips and blue flowers. Watercolor decoration is typical color palette of red, yellow, blue and what originally was green foliage. On back of acidic paperboard is written "This is probably Christian Strange (sic) Cut-Out." Old paper label taped to back is printed "An Old Pennsylvania / German Valentine."
See David R. Johnson, Christian Strenge's Fraktur, East Petersburg Historical Society, 1995, for two other examples.
Diameter (cm)
33.3375
Diameter (ft)
1.09375
Diameter (in)
13.125
Dimension Details
Diameter of frame is 19.5"
Condition
Fair
Condition Date
2017-06-26
Condition Notes
Delicate cutout has heavy losses, especially sawtooth border, parts of flowers & leaves as well as 3 missing vasiform (resembling a tube/duct) shapes with the floral drawings. Fold lines are broken and breaking. Paper generally age-darkened with some scattered light brown stains. Multiple repairs detached elements and pieces of paper pasted onto back for support. Black painted frame has abrasions. Glass has some light molding on inside surface.
Object ID
2017.999.9
Notes
Appraisal conducted by Pastor Fred Weiser, Sept. 2, 1988. He notes that the condition restrains the value. There is a large B & W transparency in the file.
See other examples in David R. Johnson's "Christian Strenge's Fraktur", 1995. (Copies in file, including translation of German).
Portrait of Ellen Mary Armstrong, by Arthur Armstrong. Seated girl with dog in interior with tall window at back. Young girl with short brown hair parted in center and curls in front. Dark brown eyes. Seated with hands in front and leges extended to right. White off the shoulder chemise with bows and lace at shoulders. Holding small basket of variety of pink flowers. High top footwear with blue foot and white cuff. Right shoe removed and lying on floor. Flowers on floor beside shoe. Seated on large round blue cushion. Folds of peach blanket under left leg and lying on floor at front right. Small spaniel type dog sitting upright on haunches, holding a daisy in mouth. Overal seated on block patterened bedspread or floorcloth. Three at left? Background is mottled brown. Window at right has night scene of street. including 2 prominent church steeples (possibly East Orange looking east toward First Reformed and Presbyterian Church).
painting dimensions are 30.25in High and 25in Wide.
Condition
Good
Condition Date
2017-08-01
Condition Notes
Extensive craquelure. Two rectangular canvs pathces on reverse -- one at hair and above head, second patch below pink peopny on dress (reparied tear?) Frame painted gold excpet for three sections of face molding. Onverall wear with streaking and mottling. Inner gilded edge has multiple hairline cracks across its length; now quite darkened. Back uncovered; painting secured with eye screws. Brass plaque at bottom of frame reads "Ellen Mary Armstrong/1843-1846/Armstrong"
Frame: expected moderate wear to gilding with abrasions and smalll gesso chips. Short dark cracks on inner edges on all four sides.
Oil on canvas portrait of seated man, body facing right, head nearly front. Dark hair, ear length, no part. Brown eyes, prominent nose and chin. Black coat and waistcoat, white shirt with down turned collar. Black neckwear. Both and hold red book seated in red upholstered armchair. Formal garden and sky visible at left behind red curtain with gold fringe and tassel. Portrait of woman with palette and brushes below right. Probable stringed instrument at lower left. Brass plaque reads: "James thomas Armstrong/1828-1848/Armstrong." Frame is 4 in wide molded profile with gilding.
Frame: 4" gold Sully-type, surface dirt and mildew stains throughout, minor losses throughout.
Frame conservation needs: Surface clean, touchup and regild.
(eta, VAP 08/04/2017) Fiar. Canvas detaching from stretcher at right side, especially at bottom corner where canvas is buckled an torn from stretcher. Irregular puncture tear is 2in wide and 3.5in high at upper right of head. Divets at upper right side to left of very center and at edge of coat near shirt, streaks of paint lass at left, top and right, white spot lower left. Overall dark and hazy. Mold spots at lower left. At upper back are moisture stains. Cellophane tape repair at tear. Frame: fair. gilding is darkened with alligatoring and mold spots. Gesso losses and strong chipping at outer edges. Left outer side has moisture stains with mold and stains across bottom.
Amanda Haldeman Armstrong, this is a companion portrait to Elizabeth Groff Armstrong. (Identifications based on names on brass plaques, which were probably added for a 1989 exhibition. At least a few of the identifications are unclear/questionable/contradictory. Aug 1 2017, VAP)
Oil on canvas portrait of seated woman facing slightly left. dark hair, center part, curled at sides and gathered at back of crown. Brown eyes. Pendant earrings have stone. Light colored wide necked dress with pleats over the soulders and center front. Pink rose at center of collar. Hands clasped on lap. Ring and bracelet with stone on left arm. Tan or yellow fringed shawl end held across lap and draping over forearm to bottom right. Another shawl held across lap and draping over right arm. Upholstered reddish chair seen at right. Large reddish drapery with fringe and tassel covers background and is pulled back to reveal window at left wiht outdoor scene. Brass plaque reads "Amanda H. Armstrong/1830-1913/Armstrong." Frame is 4in wide with molded profile and gilding.
Painting: Poor, 3 previous silk patches on back, surface grime, 15" tear lower center, 13" tear left center, 5" tear right center, some minor paint loss throughout.
Frame: Poor/Fair, 4" Sully-type gold frame with plaque on bottom, mildew damage and minor losses throughout.
Frame conservation needs: Surface clean, spot patch and gild.
(eta, VAP, 08/02/2017) Poor. Sagging loose canvas with dark grime overall. Some craquelure in lower half of cnavas. Large 4in irregular hole with extended tears at arm and bracelet. 15in long verrtical tear with 3.5in offshoot tear at left in window area. Irregular tears 3.5in by 1.5in at conter right. Adjacent area of white paint is 8in by 4in. Smaller L-shaped tear at bottom right is approx 1.5in x 1.25in. Back has 3 silk patches. Frame: fair to good. very dark stain under plaque at edge. Multiple gesso chips at all edges. Gilding somewhat darkened overall with scattered dark blotches.
Spiral labyrinth, watercolor and ink on wove paper, signed by John A. Landis (15 Sep 1777 - 8 Mar 1862) of Lancaster City. Within a line border is a compass-drawn large circle filled with interwoven near-circles (paths of labyrinth) emanating from another center circle that is in turn filled with compass-drawn floral decoration. The near-circle pathways have text written within, beginning at the top with the words, "What is a gentleman?" Leafy vines with flowers fill the corners outside of the large circular labyrinth. Two distelfink-type birds are perched on lower vines. At bottom center is a heart in which vines are anchored. Within heart are 4 lines of neatly printed English: "Made By/ John A. Landis in the/ Year of our Lord 1852/ in the Seventy Fifth/ Year of his/ Age."
Reverse side of frame has two stickers; the top one reads: "MSC/ #135" and the lower one reads: "T76.10.37/ (MSC - 135)."
Unusual -- believed to be the only hand-done Lancaster City fraktur known. Samuel Baumann is the design source for Landis's birds, flowers and hearts. Baumann produced printed fraktur in Ephrata in the early 19th century. See NOTES
Provenance
Provenance: Dealer Hattie Brunner to Dr. & Mrs. Donald A. Shelley. Shelley collection sold at auction (Pook & Pook), Oct. 2004 to Heritage Center.
Paper is darkened overall; watercolored words of labyrinth are blurry and often illegible.
Object ID
P.04.45.1
Notes
According to Landis family genealogy & other sources, Landis operated a museum in Lancaster City at several successive locations. Article in Lancaster Gazette, 1825, lists detailed changes & additions Landis made to the museum.
Landis married twice, leaving no children and is buried in Shreiner's cemetery (tall monument along Mulberry St. side). The 1850 Census records him living, at age 72, with his wife Sarah in a hotel kept by Henry Nauman. He is also listed in the 1860 Census but of course gone by 1870.
Labyrinths have been made in various forms for centuries, traditionally of a spiritual nature. According to Michael Bird, "The labyrinth had pre-Christian roots in the worlds of Crete, Greece and Rome..." Landis's labyrinth is unusual in that it is not rooted in a spiritual or Biblical theme, but instead focuses on moral character. This compass-drawn design is not traditional Pa. German; it is likely Anglo-inspired.
This labyrinth was illustrated in Donald Shelley's "The Fraktur-Writings of Illuminated Manuscripts of the Pa. Germans", figure #223. See Klaus Stopp's The Printed B&BCs of the German Americans, Vol. II, pp. 208-217, for fraktur printed by the Baumanns of Ephrata. These show the source of motifs used in this labyrinth.
Chest is red-painted poplar. Lid has molding pegged to 3 sides, supported by plain iron strap hinges. Brass escutcheon at keyhole. Wrought iron bail handles on a heart-shaped plate, on each end. A till is at left end of interior.
White-painted platter-shaped panels at each end, two on lid and two on front. Above the painted front panels is a thin, long, white-painted cartouche containing a painted inscription along with geometric floral/star motifs. The inscription reads: "17 BARBARA POTZERIN 95."
On the underside of the lid, left side, is pasted a fraktur measuring 6.5" x 8" showing a woman in a red dress and a man in a pink coat and black pants flanking a text block, with red and blue flowers above.
The fraktur is a "baptismal sponsor's letter form" done with ink and watercolor on laid paper for "Maria Barbarra" Potzer, born March 11, 1768 in Warwick Township, Lancaster County. The central text block expresses good wishes for the child (translation in file)and in the upper left and lower right corners are the names of baptismal sponsors, Maria Barbara Fockt [?] and Jakob Zook [?]. This unusual form was used in the Alsace/Palatine areas, according to Pastor Fred Weiser.
Barbara Potzer was original owner. Maker of the chest is unknown. The fraktur is by the Sussel-Washington artist.
Provenance
Chest was purchased at a sale in Harrisburg in approximately June, 1979, by seller, H. William Koch. It
Multiple large marks and stains on lid, including two blotches of a varnish-stain. Edges are worn, and bits of wood are missing in several areas. Base is separating from the front and sides. The iron hinges are rusted. Top has a long split along grain.
A condition report and treatment proposal for the fraktur were done by the Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts in Philadelphia in May 1986, but no treatment was done.
Object ID
G.79.103.1
Notes
This is a twin of the "Anna Nislesin" chest (G.95.29.1) except for paint color and feet.
There is a group of several other similar chests (see file).
Place of Origin
Lancaster County
Role
Artist
Credit
Gift of the James Hale Steinman Foundation, Heritage Center Collection
British Royal Coat of Arms, 1786, attrib. to the "Early Ephrata Artist," (active c. 1780-1786). Manuscript watercolor version of this design is modified to depict the Germanic sentiments of the artist following our overthrow of English rule. As before, the rampant lion (England) is on the left and the rampant unicorn (Scotland) on the right. However, the lion is now chained and uncrowned. Replacing the central shield is a large flowering plant with a typical Pa-German large parrot perched on the lower branch and a crown above. Large flowers are prominently added to this image.
Lettering at bottom center reads: "Phil(i)p[sic] Horning/ hat In ge-macht/ 1786" Recipient Philip Horning's name is followed by the artist's phrase: "Made in 1786." This should not be read that Horning "made this in 1786."
Pa. Germans saw a kinship between the Royal Coat of Arms and the German Hanoverian kings who ruled the United Kingdom throught the 18th century.
Klaus Stopp, Printed B&BC of the Pa. Germans, Vol. II, pp. 108-113
Height (cm)
34.925
Height (ft)
1.1458333333
Height (in)
13.75
Width (cm)
41.275
Width (ft)
1.3541666667
Width (in)
16.25
Dimension Details
Frame is H: 22.25 W: 25.25"
Condition
Good
Condition Date
2017-03-23
Condition Notes
Multiple vertical and horizontal creases overall. Some paint loss, especially on lion's head and face, and flower in upper right corner. Brown stains overall.
A treatment proposal made by Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts, May 1986, and the following treatment was done in 1988-89: consolidated ink and paint, old backing removed, tears mended, cleaned, losses in paper filled, flattened, and matted. Details in file.
Matted and framed by Brian Howard of Carlisle in 1996
Object ID
P.77.51
Notes
This unusual watercolor gives a Germanic spin on the heraldic design. While the lion stands for England and the unicorn for Scotland, replacing the central shield is a large parrot perched on a flowering plant. Large flowers are also prominently introduced into the composition. Painted after the war of independence, the lion is now portrayed uncrowned, with a chain at his neck. This is a strong statement of the artist's Germanic sentiments.
This is one of the last known pieces done by the Early Ephrata Artist." He was given this name since he decorated early Ephrata prints having no bird-panel printed borders. The Earnests note he used heavy color and his motifs were primitive, despite the ambitious decoration and design he attempted such as this fraktur watercolor. He ranks among the earliest fraktur artists to decorated printed forms, along with Otto, Hoevelmann and Speyer.
See:
- Earnests' "Papers for Birth Dayes", pp. 213-214 for info on the Early Ephrata Artist.
- Klaus Stopp, The Printed B&BCs of the German Americans, Vol. II, pp. 108-113.
Place of Origin
Lancaster County
Credit
Gift of James Hale Steinman Foundation, Heritage Center Collection
O/C self-portrait of artist. Facing right front head turned toward viewer. Half length sitter wearing black suit with white shirt, black tie and gold chain. Dark hair parted on sitter's right with long sideburns seated in reddish chair, elbow resting on arm. Craquelure near sitter's right hand. Loss and repairs.
"A. Armstrong/Artist/Lancaster, Pa." is stencilled on back of canvas.
Provenance
Ptgs. owned by Hovey Gleason as of 1975. Owned by Dr. Irwin Richman in 1980s at the time he wrote Armstrong article for Magazine Antiques. Ended up at Conestoga Auction of Hess Auction Group a year or two ago where they were purchased by P. Sullivan. Seller states he cannot find receipt & ptgs.; they were an anonymous consignment to auction.
Seller states pair of ptgs. were restored in April 2017 by Jeff Rouse of Pittsburgh.To receive a treatment report would have cost extra, so it was declined, hence we have no record. Rouse now has a significant illness and is has closed his business.
Overal good condition. Canvas over board. Damage to right of index finger. Residue over second joints of 3 fingers. Damage forward of sitter's right elbow. Poor inpainting and above forearm. Poor color match on rear armrest of chair. Repaired tear over right eye. Brown kraft paper on back. gold paint covers gilding. Top at left is scraped, large .25in loss on right side. Bottom right has gesso loss.
Object ID
2017.008.1
Related Item Notes
Half of a pair. 2017.008.2 is protrait of artist's wife.
