Birth & baptismal certificate, with printed 3-heart form with text in all three hearts. Blank spaces infilled by hand in thin red ink by Speyer. Fraktur done for Peter Scholl, son of Peter Andreas and his wife Elizabeth Margretha, nee Illick. Son Peter was born September 7, 1772, in Heidelberg Township, Lancaster Co. (Now Berks Co., likely in Stouchsburg area of Marion Twp.)
Infill & decoration Berks Co. (formerly Lancaster Co.) by Georg Friederich Speyer (active c. 1774-1801) and printers Barton & Jungman, Reading.
Densely paint-decorated by Speyer with cross-legged angels in the top corners and bottom center, mermen and winged heads of angels in lower corners, parrots along the sides, a crown at top center, and birds holding flowers in their beaks at the top of the main text block. Dominant colors are red, green, yellow, and blue.
Certificate printed on laid paper with an "FS" watermark, indicating papermaker Frederick Schutz(Scheetz) of Lower Merion Twp. in Montgomery Co. (See American Watermarks). Mounted with window mat in a brown frame
Provenance
Fraktur was given to the Lancaster County Historical Society by donors with the understanding that it would become part of the Heritage Center collection when that institution was established.
Significant horizontal crease across the middle, and three vertical creases. Smaller creases and crinkles appear overall. The paper has browned, and there are stains in the lower half.
A treatment proposal was offered by the Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts in 1986, followed by treatment in 1988-89 -- consolidated pigment, dry and wet cleaned, mended and reinforced, filled losses, flattened, and matted. More details available in the object file.
Object ID
G.77.50.12
Notes
Earnests note that "neatness was of little concern to Speyer, but he did seem concerned about filling white space." He normally infilled with words done in a thin red ink which does not stand up well over time. He worked mostly in northern Lancaster Co.and in southern Berks and Dauphin Counties. Speyer used the 3-heart print more frequently from about 1790 on.
On-line Nissen family genealogy (internet, 2010) states Peter Scholl married Eva Elizabeth Rieth on Apr. 28, 1800 in Reeds Church, Stouchsburg, Berks, Co. He died Feb. 25, 1839. His parents were also married in Stouchsburg.
References:
Klaus Stopp, Printed B&BC of the Pa Germans, Vol. IV, pp.. 81 & 89.
Earnests, "Papers for Birth Dayes", pp 722 ff.
Gravell, Miller & Walsh, American Watermarks, 1690-1835, 2002, pp. 79 & 305.
Slide # 27-1-4 in Archives West
Role
Artist
Credit
Gift of Mr. & Mrs. Richard Flanders Smith, Heritage Center Collection
Birth & baptismal certificate on laid paper. Printed form with central textblock in German within a multiple line border. Infilled and decorated around textblock by Speyer; cross-legged angel at top, pelicans feeding young at sides and flowers at sides and bottom. Watercolors are red, blue, yellow, green and brown.
Infilled for Johannes, son of Valiendein (Valentine) and Eliesabetha (Elisabetha) Bohmer of Brecknock Township in Lancaster Co., born Dec. 13, 1788.
Georg Friederich Speyer (active 1774-1801) used this printed form produced c. 1789 by Barton & Johnson of Reading. See Notes.
General wear with numerous creases and wrinkles; one pronounced vertical centerline crease. Repaired tears, esp at left edge. All edges are ragged and uneven, esp. at right.
Conserved by CCAHA in 1989 (see report in file). Hinged into window mat & back mat. Relaced in its original frame using UF-3 Plexiglas and acid-free cardboard on reverse with a taped mylar dust shield.
Object ID
G.77.50.1
Notes
Printed form by Reading printers Thomas Barton and Benjamin Johnson, circa 1789 (see Klaus Stopp, The Printed Birth & Baptismal Certificates of the Pa. Germans, v. 4, p. 84). Speyer used this printed form for Johannes Bohmer who was born the previous year in1788.
Place of Origin
Lancaster County
Role
Artist
Credit
Gift of Mr. & Mrs. Richard Flanders Smith, Heritage Center Collection
Jeremiah Brown’s gristmill account book "B" Little Britain Township, Fulton Township
Description
Jeremiah Brown’s gristmill account book "B" Little Britain Township, Fulton Township
Book references itemized list of profits and expenses, and the employees of the mill and what they were being compensated for. The profits list ranges from selling and grinding corn, wheat, and rye as well as sawing boards. The recorded expenses for the mill include employee wages, transportation costs, and dry goods such as salt.
Contains 200 pages, plus a 12 page index of clients and what pages they appear on.
Front cover has a "B" written on it.
"LEDGER" is printed on spine.
Back cover inside has an "X" written on it.
This account book also contains several sections of estate planning for multiple individuals.
o Jeremiah Brown records his will and what his children are to inherit from his estate on page. 1.
o Jeremiah Brown later records a detailed list of what he gave to his daughter Sarah as she married Timothy Haines on page. 10.
o Vincent King estate on page. 102
o Richard Stedman real estate on page. 104.
Insert 1 - 2 loose items:
Item 1 Blue donor card
Item 2 "The Book Haven" description of book.
Insert 2 - 10 loose items:
Item 1 Judgment note dated 1805 containing the names James Arbuckle, Adam Arbuckle, Jeremiah Brown, Phillip James, Robert Maxwell, W. Tilton and W. Barton.
Item 2 Account note dated 1811; Timothy Haines to David Nivine
Item 3 Account note dated 1812 for 5 Sales of Jeremiah Brown signed by T. Hollingsworth & son,
Item 4 Account note dated 1816 with names Hugh Pennell, Jeremiah Brown and John Kirk.
Item 5 Account note dated 1810 containing names James Davison and Jeremiah Brown.
item 6 Shad Account for the year 1810; John Leek, Jonathan Hough, Oliver Caldwell and Jeremiah Brown.
Item 7 Account note dated 1816; Slater Brown, Jeremiah Brown
Item 8 Note dated 1814 outlining the transition of the mill from Jeremiah Brown, to his son Slater.
Item 9 Settlement State Account dated 1809; Charles Daugherty to Jeremiah Brown, John Kirk, Hugh Bush, and James Davidson.
Item 10 Account Note dated 31 December 1810; James Davidson to Jeremiah Brown.; Oliver Caldwell, Samuel White and John Kirk.
Insert 3 - 10 account loose items:
Item 1 Account note dated 1800 and 1801; A. Hopkins, Philip Baker Adams, Andrew Porter, William Porter, David Scott, Roger Kirk, Jeremiah Brown, Arthur Howell, W. Montgomery.
Item 2 Account note, 1809, Jeremiah Brown
Item 3 Account note, 10 Dec 1805, Stephen Cooper estate, John Kirk, Jeremiah Brown & Son.
Item 4 Account note, 15 May 1805, Philip James, Thomas Moore, Timothy Haines.
Item 5 List of Hugh Burks property sold by Jesse Brabs on 17 July 1919; Jeremiah Brown, Thomas Burk.
Item 6 Note dated Jun 1820, damage done by Jeremiah Brown, James A. Caldwell.
Item 7 Settlement dated 1 April 1810, Thomas Burk with Jeremiah Brown.
Item 8 Sales note dated 15 May 1806, account of James Morrison by Levi Hollingsworth & Son, Jeremiah Brown.
Item 9 Sales note dated December 1803, Flour by Levi Hollingsworth for Morrison, M. Gryder.
Item 10 Sales note dated 1 August 1797, Flour by Levi Hollingsworth & Son for account of James Morrison, M Gryder, to Adam May and Thomas Bristol.
Insert 4 - 10 loose items:
Item 1 Account note dated 1811 and 1812, Charles Heston with Jeremiah Brown.
Item 2 Account note dated 1811, Elizabeth & Thomas Steel with Jeremiah Brown.
Item 3 Account note dated 1811, Elizabeth Steel & Son Thomas, Robert Clark.
Item 4 Bank Papers note, dated 1815 and 1816, Jeremiah Brown, Skater Brown, James McConkey.
Item 5 Bills note, undated, Jeremiah Brown, Levi Brown Mill.
Item 6 Account note, dated 30 December 1805, Jeremiah Brown Mill.
Item 7 Account note dated 1810, Charles Daugherty in account with Jeremiah Brown; R. King, Stwart Jamison, John Jamison.
Item 8 Account note dated 1805, by Levi Hollingsworth for Jeremiah Brown.
Item 9 Account note dated 1793, 1797 and 1799, James Morrison, Levi Hollingsworth.
Item 10 Account note, undated, R Maxwell.
Insert 5 - 10 loose items:
Item 1 Freight Account note, 1812, Timothy Haines to David Nivin, other names Jeremiah Brown.
Item 2 Statement, 1 October 1812, of Andrew Porter with R. Kick.
Item 3 Lancaster County account note, August 1800, Jeremiah Brown, Roger Kirk, Andrew Porter.
Item 4 Account note, 1812, Francis Scott, Slater Brown.
Item 5 Account note, 1813, C. Hefton.
Item 6 Account note, 1812, John Kirk, Jeremiah Brown, George MCaslin, Katy Morrisson, Moses Rankin, John Evans, Thomas Hule, Baker Bevans.
Item 7 Account note, undated, Kirk and MConkey.
Item 8 Account note, 1823, Isaac Stubbs and Vincent Stubbs.
Item 9 Bill, July 1812, Hugh Cooper by Jeremian Brown
Item 10 Account note, no date or name.
Insert 6 - 10 loose items:
Item 1 Order, 22 April 1811, John Kirk, George Dockes, Jeremiah Brown.
Item 2 Receipt, 21 January 1801, C. Carpenter, Jeremiah Brown, Andrew Porter, William Porter.
Item 3 Note, 25 March 1799, Williamson, J. W.
Item 4 Note, 29 Jun 1802, Jeremiah Brown, Coln. Jas. Morrison, David Nivin, Samuel Nivin.
Item 5 Account note, 5 May 1802, Levi Hollingsworth, Jeremiah Brown, William Bell.
Item 6 Account note, 31 March 1813, Jeremiah Brown.
Item 9 Account note, 4 March 1819, Wm. Brown, Wm. Jenkins, Samuel King, Jeremiah Brown, Wm. Barker & Son.
Item 10 Account note, May 1805, Meason Shank Don, Thomas Moore, Timothy Haines, Jeremiah Brown.
Insert 8 - 10 loose items:
Item 1 Account note, 21 February 1799, Jeremiah Brown, John Singer, Abram Singer.
Item 2 Account note, undated, Neal Harrisbaugh.
Item 3 Bond, 6 April 1810, paid 20 August 1812, no names.
Item 4 Receipt, 1816, Jeremiah Brown, Montgomery (no first name).
Item 5 Receipt, 1823, Fred Steele, Thomas Buck, Jeremiah Brown, Thomas Steele.
Item 6 Receipt, 15 September 1809, Joseph Steel, Jeremiah Brown.
Item 7 Account note, 20 May 1809, John Kirk, Jeremiah Brown.
Item 8 Account note, 1812, O. Caldwell.
Item 9 Account note, 1810, Hains & James.
Item 10 Account note, 5 February 1811, Jerry Brown, Elizabeth Steel, Samuel Neeper.
Admin/Biographical History
From: Donor Card and "The Book Haven" description card
Jeremiah Brown was born 1750, descended from Joshua Brown. He received his father's mill in 1775. Jeremiah’s business became quite prosperous and with the help of other prominent figures in Lancaster County, he helped establish the Farmers Bank of Lancaster. Jeremiah’s fathered several children including the honorable Judge Jeremiah Brown and Slater Brown, later leaving the mill to Slater. At the time of his death in 1831, he was thought to be one of the largest stockholders, if not the largest, of the Farmers Bank of Lancaster at 1,000 shares.
Book is in poor condition. Front and back covers are unattached with most of the leather worn off. Spine is completely worn through at places. Paper has foxing and some pages have water damage. Eight leaves, two of which the first two of the index, are unattached. Index tabs A-B, C-D, N-O, W-X and W-Z are missing.
There is no page 2. Pages 201 to 206 are not paginated.
Object ID
MG0963_F010
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
Edmond is recorded as "Black Edmond"
Hannah is recorded as "Black Hannah"
Patrick is recorded as "Black Patrick"
Access Conditions / Restrictions
No restrictions. Original documents may be used by appointment. Please contact Research@LancasterHistory.org at least two weeks prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Credit
Courtesy of LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Birth certificate done in German for "Anna Schenkin" (Schenk), born in "Connostoge Taunschip Langster County", November 20, 1783. Hand drawn, colored and lettered on laid paper with iron gall ink. No baptism indicates a Mennonite family.
The text is enclosed within a heart, surrounded by various vining flowers and four birds, two above and two below. The design conforms with artist's normal pattern of having the vines emanate from a hole at the top center of the heart. This artist made fraktur for mostly Lancaster County Mennonite families. He was almost certainly a schoolmaster. There are about 15 of his fraktur that are documented.
"Johannes Schopf/Schopp Artist" (active c. 1774-1800)
Note written on frame's dust cover by Smith states this fraktur was exhibited in two shows: Allentown Folk Art Show (Nov. 1974) and William Penn Memorial Museum, F/A Show (Jan. 1975).
Slide #27-2-4 in Archives West.
Provenance
Purchased by Richard Flanders Smith at a public sale along Route 222, north of Willow Street. Given to the Lancaster County Historical Society with the understanding that it would become part of the Heritage Center collection with the establishment of that institution.
Foxing or brown spotting over much of surface. Some tears along the edges. Moisture or adhesive stain at bottom center.
A condition report and treatment proposal was done by the Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts in Philadelphia in 1986. Matted and framed by conservator Brian Howard of Carlisle in 1996.
Object ID
G.77.50.11
Place of Origin
Conestoga Twp.
Credit
Gift of Mr. & Mrs. Richard Flanders Smith, Heritage Center Collection
Daybook of Calwell & Thompson from Bart Township, Eden Township and Octorara.
Description
Daybook of Calwell & Thompson from Bart Township, Eden Township and Octorara.
Contains 267 leaves. Horizontal lines have been drawn to separate entries and some pages also contain vertical to record cash amounts.
"Calwell & Thompson; day book; 1809" and "Wm Thompson" are written on the outside of the front cover with a 2-1/2" stylized symbol. There are 6 faint lines of text on the outside of the back cover. The inside of the back cover contains accounting information.
Water damage to cover and page edges. Front cover is heavily worn and missing lower left corner (~3" measured on diagonal). Back cover is heavily worn and is missing ~2" diameter hole from middle edge and part of cover is bent back at upper part of hole. The body pages separated into 2 sections, one of which is not attached to the spine. Back leaf is missing top 6" and 2nd last leaf is missing the bottom 11".
Object ID
MG0963_F017
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Additional Notes
"Negro Hugh Ferguson a/c of his work..." on back of 5th last leaf.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Account Book of James Finley, Donegal, Colerain Township, Rapho Township.
Description
Account Book of James Finley, Donegal Township, Colerain Township, Rapho Township.
There are 2 sections; a front and back separated by 39 blank leaves.
Contains 118 leaves, that includes 2 front leaves, 1 back leaf and a 12 leaf index. 1st page has "James Finly (sic)" written on it with some German writing. Body pages are partially paginated to page 24, are not ruled but have vertical accounting lines. 81 pages are blank including 78 middle pages and 3 front leaf pages.
Book references bushel of clover, whiskey, work performed at the mill, bushel of corn, bushel of rye, cash paid, hay, day of reaping, payment received, flour, cow, Cash lent, purchase of property from Henry McLaughlin (see p. 19), etc.
Book is intact. Front and back covers are heavily worn on the outside and has foxing on the inside. Front cover bottom right corner is loose but attached.
One page is torn out; 10 leaves back from the front part.
Object ID
MG0963_F023
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Front and end covers are heavily worn. Front cover has a bend in it ~2" from the bottom.
Spine has red rot and is completely separated at the bottom ~3" on the end cover side.
Front and end leaves have been torn out. Also, the following leaves are missing parts of their pages; 1, 9, 23, 40, 49, 51, 56, 71 and 83.
Object ID
MG0963_F025
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Daybook of Henry Bates Grubb, Mount Hope, Rapho, Township.
Description
Daybook of Henry Bates Grubb, Mount Hope, Rapho, Township.
Contains 132 leaves, unruled, with vertical accounting lines, unpaginated, including 1 front leaf, 2 end leaves and an added leaf in front of the end leaves. 101 pages are blank.
The following written on page 2: "Mount Hope 1st January 1809; Sincerity and truth are ornaments to youth [repeated]".
The following written on page 3: "Received from Mr Henry B Grubb Ten Dollars; being the amount of his subscription money; for the map of Lancaster County; 2nd September 1804; Joshua Seath".
The following written on leaf 106: "President Andrew Jackson removed Wm. Duane the Secretary from office for not complying with a Jackson request to remove Public Deposits....".
Separate end leaf regarding "Expenses digging ditch to convey the run for the furnace Seat and digging out the Furnace Seat", in 1848-1849.
Book references beef, sausages, pigs, wood cut, Cash, Contra, whiskey, sundries, mackarel, etc.
Insert 1 - 2 loose sheets.
Item 1 Blue donor card
Item 2 Book tag.
Insert 2 - 1 loose sheet.
Admin/Biographical History
From: Donor Card.
Date Range
1803-1811, 1848-1849
Creation Date
24 January 1803 to 31 January 1811; 19 September 1848 to 19 May 1849
Front cover not attached, back cover not attached 3" at top and bottom. Covers and spine have red rot.
5 leaves are unattached, pages have foxing.
Object ID
MG0963_F029
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Account book of David Harr or David Herr, Bart Township, Martic Township, Monor Township, Eden Townshp.
Description
Account book of David Harr or David Herr, Bart Township, Martic Township, Monor Township, Eden Townshp.
Contains 33 leaves, unruled, with vertical accounting lines, paginated only to page 6. The last three columns are titled "L", "S" and "D". 12 leaves are blank.
Book references purchases and payments for work done, whiskey, work done at mill, mending harrow, grains, beef, hauling wood and hay, walnut table, oats, iron tea ketel, etc.
Front and back covers are heavily worn and bare at spots. Back cover has a crease on upper corner and is missing part of its edge. Spine had worn through at 4 locations.
Leaves have foxing.
Object ID
MG0963_F031
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.
Contains 317 leaves, ruled, and except for the front leaf and index with vertical accounting lines and paginated. Contains 50 blank pages; (pp. 262-269, pp. 312-325, pp. 486-538 and pp. 550-559).
"Ledger" is stamped on spine.
The following possible newspaper clipping is glued on inside of back cover:
"A New Postoffice."
The Postmaster General had ordered the establishment of a postoffice at Herryville, Lancaster county, and William D. Herr has been appointed postmaster" The date July 26, 1886 is handwritten at the bottom.
Three pieces of paper with notes are glued to pages 10, 23 and 271.
Book references cash, sundries, flour, powder, jacket, pair shoes, salt, boots, hat, cartridge, shot, eggs, cigars, coffee, tobacco, paint, brush, corn, cow, butchering, stockings, spool of thread, oil, raisins, butter, suspenders, etc.
Front and back covers are worn and stained at spots. Spine had begun to separate from the book. Pages have foxing and many have stain spots.
Index tabs A-B, C-D, E-F and O-P are missing.
Pages 8 and 9 are glued together approximately half way at seam and page leaf is torn ~1/2" at seam and pages 130 and 131 are glued together at the inside seam.
The following pages have ~1/3 of their bottoms torn off: pp. 541-542, pp313-314, pp. 541-542.
Pages 253-254 has 3/4 of the outside leaf cut out.
Pages 317 to 322 have been ripped out.
Pages 381 to 390 have a 1-1/2" tare at the top.
Object ID
MG0963_F032
Location of Originals
LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Notes
Preferred citation: Title or description of item, date (day, month, year), Collection Title (MG#), Box #, Folder #, (or Object ID), LancasterHistory, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. URL if applicable. Date accessed (day, month, year).
NOTE: Index is by first name. Also, indexed name may appear on multiple pages.
Access Conditions / Restrictions
Original documents may be used by appointment--contact Research@LancasterHistory.org prior to visit.
Copyright
Collection items may be photographed. Please direct questions to Research Center Staff at Research@LancasterHistory.org.
Permission for reproduction and/or publication must be obtained in writing from LancasterHistory. Persons wishing to publish any material from this site must assume all responsibility for identifying and satisfying any claimants of copyright or other use restrictions. Publication fees may apply.